関係代名詞の演習問題
関係代名詞の主格を用いた演習問題に慣れていきましょう。
問題1:次の文の空欄に適切な関係代名詞を入れなさい。
- The man _____ is standing there is my father.
- The book _____ I bought yesterday is very interesting.
- The girl _____ father is a doctor is kind.
- This is the house _____ I was born.
- The woman _____ I met at the party was a singer.
問題2:次の日本語を英語に訳しなさい。
- 私が昨日会った男は私の友達です。
- 彼女が飼っている猫はとてもかわいいです。
- 私が住んでいる町は静かです。
- 私が好きな本はここにあります。
- 私が昨日買ったケーキはおいしかった。
問題3:次の文の誤りを訂正しなさい。
- This is the pen which I lost it yesterday.
- The man who I saw him was very tall.
- The car which color is red is mine.
問題4:次の文を日本語に訳しなさい。
- The girl who is sitting next to me is my cousin.
- The book that I am reading is about history.
- The man whose car is broken is my neighbor.
問題5:次の文の( )内に適切な語句を入れなさい。
- This is the restaurant ( ) I often go to.
- The woman ( ) I talked to is a teacher.
- The book ( ) cover is blue is mine.
解答
問題1
- who
- which / that
- whose
- where
- whom
問題2
- The man whom I met yesterday is my friend.
- The cat which she keeps is very cute.
- The town where I live is quiet.
- The book which I like is here.
- The cake which I bought yesterday was delicious.
問題3
- This is the pen which I lost yesterday. → This is the pen that I lost yesterday.
- The man who I saw him was very tall. → The man whom I saw was very tall.
- The car which color is red is mine. → The car that is red is mine.
問題4
- 私の隣に座っている女の子は私のいとこです。
- 私が読んでいる本は歴史についてです。
- 車が壊れている男性は私の隣人です。
問題5
- This is the restaurant (to which / that) I often go.
- The woman (to whom / who) I talked to is a teacher.
- The book (whose) cover is blue is mine.
解説
- 問題1-3: 基本的な関係代名詞の用法を確認する問題です。
- 問題4: 日本語から英語に訳すことで、理解度を深めます。
- 問題5: 前置詞+関係代名詞の用法を確認します。
発展問題:関係代名詞
関係代名詞の理解を深めるための発展問題です。基本的な問題をマスターした上で、ぜひ挑戦してみてください。
問題1:次の文の( )内に適切な語句を入れなさい。
- This is the book ( ) I have been looking for.
- The man ( ) I spoke to yesterday is a doctor.
- The city ( ) I was born is very small.
- The reason ( ) he was late is that his car broke down.
- Do you know the man ( ) car is parked over there?
問題2:次の日本語を英語に訳しなさい。
- 私が昨日会った女性は、私が今まで会った中で最も美しい女性の一人です。
- 彼女が住んでいる町は、私が子供の頃に住んでいた町に似ています。
- これが、私がいつも使っているペンです。
- 私が昨日買ったケーキは、とても甘くておいしかった。
- 彼が私たちに話してくれた話は、とても面白かったです。
問題3:次の文の誤りを訂正しなさい。
- The man who I saw him yesterday is my teacher.
- This is the house where I lived it when I was a child.
- The reason why he came late is because he missed the train.
問題4:次の文を日本語に訳しなさい。
- The movie which we saw last night was boring.
- The woman whose son is a doctor is a nurse.
- The city where I was born is located in the countryside.
問題5:次の文の意味がほぼ同じになるように、( )内に適切な語句を入れなさい。
- The man who lives next door is a doctor. = The man ( ) lives next door is a doctor.
- I know the girl. She can speak three languages. = I know the girl ( ) can speak three languages.
解答
問題1
- (that)
- (to whom)
- (in which)
- (why)
- (whose)
問題2
- The woman whom I met yesterday is one of the most beautiful women I have ever met.
- The town where she lives is similar to the town where I lived when I was a child.
- This is the pen that I always use.
- The cake that I bought yesterday was very sweet and delicious.
- The story that he told us was very interesting.
問題3
- The man who I saw yesterday is my teacher. (himは不要)
- This is the house where I lived it when I was a child. (itは不要)
- The reason why he came late is because he missed the train. (becauseは不要)
問題4
- 私たちが昨夜見た映画は退屈だった。
- 息子が医者の女性は看護師です。
- 私が生まれた町は田舎にあります。
問題5
- The man (who) lives next door is a doctor.
- I know the girl (who) can speak three languages.
解説 これらの問題は、関係代名詞の様々な用法や、より複雑な文構造を扱っています。特に、問題5では、関係代名詞の省略や、文の構造を変化させる練習になります。
発展ポイント
what: 「~するもの」「~こと」という意味で、先行詞を含んで表す。
前置詞+関係代名詞: to whom, in whichなど、前置詞と関係代名詞を組み合わせて使う。
関係代名詞の省略: 目的格の関係代名詞が省略される場合がある。
非制限用法: コマ(,)で区切って、補足説明を加える。