were to に関する問題演習
were to は、非現実的な未来の状況を仮定する際に使われる助動詞です。以下の問題を通して、were to の使い方をマスターしましょう。
問題
- 次の文の空欄に適切な語句を入れなさい。
- If I ( ) win the lottery, I would buy a big house. (a) should (b) were to (c) will
- If it ( ) snow tomorrow, we can go skiing. (a) were to (b) should (c) would
- ( ) I to have a time machine, I would visit the dinosaurs. (a) Should (b) Were (c) Would
- 次の日本語を英語に訳しなさい。
- もし私が鳥だったら、どこへでも飛んでいけるだろう。
- もし明日雨が降ったら、私たちは家で映画を見ることにしよう。
- もし私が君だったら、もっと努力するだろう。
- 次の英文を日本語に訳しなさい。
- Were I to meet the Queen, I would be very nervous.
- If she were to become a doctor, she would help many people.
- Should you change your mind, please let me know.
解答
- (b) were to
- 宝くじに当たることは、現実的に起こりにくいので、were to を使う。
- (b) were to
- 明日が雪が降ることは、可能性は低いので、should を使うこともできるが、were to も使える。
- (b) Were
- 倒置が起こっているので、Were が適切。
-
- If I were a bird, I could fly anywhere I wanted.
- If it should rain tomorrow, we will watch a movie at home.
- If I were you, I would try harder.
-
- もし私が女王様にお会いしたら、とても緊張するだろう。
- もし彼女が医者になったら、多くの人々を助けるだろう。
- もし君が考えを変えたら、教えてください。
解説
- were to は、より非現実的な状況、特にありえないことを仮定する際に使われる。
- should は、were to よりも少し可能性を残した状況を仮定する。
- 倒置は、were to の文でよく見られる。主語と動詞の順番が入れ替わる。
were to の発展問題
問題1：文脈から適切な助動詞を選びなさい。
- If I (were to/should) win the lottery, I would travel around the world.
- もし宝くじに当たったら、世界中を旅行するだろう。
- (Were/Should) you need any help, please don’t hesitate to ask.
- もし何か助けが必要なら、遠慮なく言ってください。
- If the weather (were to/should) be fine tomorrow, we could go for a picnic.
- もし明日天気がよければ、ピクニックに行けるのに。
問題2：次の日本語を英語に訳しなさい。
- もし私が鳥だったら、どこへでも飛んでいけるのに。
- もし彼女が医者になったら、多くの人々を助けるだろう。
- 万が一、彼が来れなくなったら、どうしましょうか。
問題3：次の英文を日本語に訳しなさい。
- Were I to meet the president, I would be very nervous.
- If it should rain tomorrow, we will have to cancel the picnic.
- Should you have any questions, please feel free to ask.
問題4：次の文の誤りを訂正しなさい。
- If I will win the lottery, I will buy a car.
- Should you need something, you can call me.
- Were I you, I would study harder.
問題5：次の文を、were to を使って書き換えなさい。
- If it rains tomorrow, we will stay home.
- When you see him, please give him my regards.
解答と解説
問題1
- were to：宝くじに当たることは非現実的な状況なので、were to を使う。
- Should：もし何か助けが必要な場合、という状況は、可能性としては低いものの、ゼロではないので、should を使う。
- were to：明日天気が良いことは、現時点ではわからないので、were to を使う。
問題2
- If I were a bird, I could fly anywhere I wanted.
- If she were to become a doctor, she would help many people.
- Should he not be able to come, what shall we do?
問題3
- もし私が大統領に会ったら、とても緊張するだろう。
- もし明日雨が降ったら、ピクニックをキャンセルしなければなりません。
- もし何か質問があれば、遠慮なく聞いてください。
問題4
- If I were to win the lottery, I will buy a car. (will を were to に)
- Should you need something, you can call me. (can を could に)
- 正しい。
問題5
- Were it to rain tomorrow, we would stay home.
- Were you to see him, please give him my regards.
発展問題のポイント
- 文脈: 文脈によって、were to と should の使い分けが変わる。
- 倒置: were to の文では、主語と動詞の倒置が起こることがある。
- 帰結節: were to の帰結節には、通常、would を使う。
- 可能性の度合い: were to はより非現実的な状況、should は少し可能性を残した状況を表す。
were to の並び替え問題を作成します。
【問題】
以下の単語を並べ替えて、意味の通る英文にしなさい。
- were / to / I / a / bird / fly / could / if
- should / need / you / any / help / don’t / hesitate / to / ask
- to / win / were / lottery / I / if / the / a / car / buy / would
- to / meet / queen / were / I / the / nervous / very / be / would
- should / rain / it / tomorrow / we / stay / home / if
【解答】
- If I were a bird, I could fly.
- Should you need any help, don’t hesitate to ask.
- If I were to win the lottery, I would buy a car.
- Were I to meet the queen, I would be very nervous.
- If it should rain tomorrow, we will stay home.
【ポイント】
- were to の文では、主語と動詞が倒置することが多い。
- should は、より可能性を残した状況を表す。
- if の後に来る動詞は、過去形か were to の形になる。
【発展問題】
次の日本語を英語に訳しなさい。ただし、were to を必ず使いなさい。
- もし私が億万長者だったら、世界中を旅行するだろう。
- 万が一、飛行機が遅延したら、どうしますか。
- もし彼女が大統領になったら、世界は平和になるだろう。
【解答】
- If I were to become a billionaire, I would travel around the world.
- Were the plane to be delayed, what would you do?
- If she were to become president, the world would be peaceful.
